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A few of today's HIV-suppressing drugs, such as nevirapine, abacavir, AZT and indinavir, can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, says Dr Ron Ellis of the University of California, San Diego. But no one knows if using those drugs instead of others will slow the brain damage once neuroAIDS symptoms begin. (People's Daily Online, China)
Africa: ARV Side Effect Cause for Concern - Experts Sep 23, 2006
"At the moment we are only able to replace d4t in lactic [acidosis] patients with AZT [Zidovudine]. While this is our best successful option, Tenofovir does have more advantages in that its side effects are lower, and it can be used for a longer period before a patient naturally develops resistance to it," Sunpath said ... In the meantime, Sunpath recommended AZT as a replacement for d4t in patients suffering lactic acidosis, as well as those beginning ARV therapy for the first time. (allAfrica.com)
Today in history: September 19 Sep 19, 2006
In 1986, federal health officials announced that the experimental drug AZT would be made available to thousands of AIDS patients. Ten years ago: American astronaut Shannon Lucid, on board the Russian Mir space station since March, eagerly greeted the crew of Atlantis hours after their arrival and docking. (MSNBC -- Race)
South Africa Aug 22, 2006
We suspect, said a scientist, that she went for reproductive reasons. "They've been reading words like 'toxic' and 'poisonous' and obviously got quite a fright," said an engineer. (Harper's Magazine)
A career filled with monkeys, chimpanzees: Listen to the Audio Aug 22, 2006
Hobson helped test the AIDS drug AZT when it first came out in the mid-1980s. One promising drug dissolved tumors in rats. (Durango Herald)
Updated HIV Treatment Guidelines Now Include Three GSK HIV Medications for Initial Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens Aug 14, 2006
COMBIVIR COMBIVIR is a combination tablet containing Epivir(R) (lamivudine, 3TC) and Retrovir(R) (zidovudine, AZT). INDICATION COMBIVIR is indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV infection. (PR Newswire)
New drug excites scientists Aug 13, 2006
Resistance to drug therapy is a concern, especially since patients who are being treated are living longer with HIV. There are people who've been alive since the development of AZT - the first drug licensed to fight HIV - in 1987, said Markowitz. There are a substantial number of patients - probably 15 to 20 per cent of the HIV-infected treated population - who have some degree of drug-resistant virus and will benefit from these new therapies, he said. (Toronto Star)
Morning after pill for HIV?AddMyLinkImage("/news/181_1767766,0050.htm", "Morning after pill for HIV?"); Aug 13, 2006
Morning after pill for HIV. Sunday, August 13, 2006. (Hindustan Times, India)
Amid progress, conference ponders how best to fight AIDS Aug 10, 2006
The mainstay of therapy then was AZT, which cost about $8,000 a year ... In a speech at the Durban conference in 2000, President Thabo Mbeki of South Africa refused to acknowledge HIV as the cause of AIDS. Minutes later, he walked out of a televised forum as Nkosi Johnson, 11, spoke of being born with HIV. Johnson said he wished that the government would "start giving AZT to pregnant HIV mothers to help stop the virus being passed on to their babies." The boy died the following year ... A... (International Herald Tribune)
* 'The virus is a formidable foe' Aug 6, 2006
Generic versions of the three common first-line drugs X zidovudine (AZT), lamivudine and nevirapine X are cheaper. And technical advances have made them easier to take. (Taipei Times, Taiwan -- World Business)
Living and breathing the fight against AIDS Aug 4, 2006
The top story: a European study that cast doubt on the widespread North American practice of prescribing the drug AZT to people infected with HIV. ... "She was worried. She said to me, 'Dad! Dad! AZT's not working. What are we going to do about it?' " recalled Dr. Montaner, director of the B.C. Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS at St. Paul's Hospital, in his thick Argentine accent. (Globe and Mail)
New Computational Model Allows For Better Understanding Of AIDS Drug Jul 26, 2006
Researchers at the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute at Virginia Tech have developed a computational model that allows scientists to better understand the metabolism and toxicity of the HIV/AIDS drug zidovudine (azidothymidine, AZT). AZT is used successfully as part of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) to control the level of the human immunodeficiency virus in HIV-infected individuals ... However, long-term use of AZT may lead to side-effects in some patients. (Science Daily)
Computational model simulates AZT metabolism in mitochondria Jul 25, 2006
Researchers at the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute (VBI) at Virginia Tech have developed a computational model that allows scientists to better understand the metabolism and toxicity of the HIV/AIDS drug zidovudine (azidothymidine, AZT). AZT is used successfully as part of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) to control the level of the human immunodeficiency virus in HIV-infected individuals ... However, long-term use of AZT may lead to side-effects in some patients. (EurekAlert!)
The 'Elite' May Help Defeat AIDS Jul 7, 2006
On his return, he learned his infection-fighting T-cells HIV's target had dipped slightly below the normal range, and his doctor wrote him a prescription for AZT, the first effective HIV drug but one with often dreadful side effects. "I decided I was not going to get it filled," Brothers recalled. (Los Angeles Times)
DDT In Mothers Linked To Developmental Delays In Children, UC Berkeley Study Finds Jul 6, 2006
(January 14, 1999) -- Children exposed to zidovudine (ZDV, AZT) in utero and as newborns and who escaped acquiring HIV from their infected mothers show no cancers or other adverse health effects up through preschool age. . (Science Daily)
Ends and means Jul 2, 2006
Central to the design of an ethical drug trial is the principle of ``equipoise," which means that the researcher is truly uncertain about which arm of the study-the control group or the experimental group-will experience greater benefit. Adhering to this principle ensures that researchers will not knowingly administer inferior treatments to subjects when an effective treatment has already been established.Equipoise can be lost over the course of a trial. In 1994, researchers halted a trial... (Boston Globe)
Nigeria update: The power to survive Jun 29, 2006
"I remember the moment when I walked outside the airport building and saw the first poster warning about the importance of preventing HIV/Aids, and how - only a few minutes after arriving in Nigeria - the MSF project that had brought me to the country started to appear palpably relevant. From the beginning of my mission here I was struck by streets full of signs inviting people to be faithful, to have safe sex, to take measures to prevent HIV/Aids. Before I moved to Lagos the HIV/Aids epidemic... (Guardian Unlimited)
Yale licenses potential anti-HIV agent to Oncolys BioPharma of Japan Jun 28, 2006
Since 1985, when AZT was introduced into clinical practice, 18 products have been approved and commercialized worldwide as anti-HIV-1 treatment. The drugs are in four categories, according to their various modes of action and chemical structures. (EurekAlert! -- Business News)
New HIV 'Doorway Drugs' Have Risks Jun 20, 2006
U.S. Allows New Version OF AZT; Move May Reduce Cost Of Treatment ... That and other concerns reflect the sea change that the world of HIV has undergone since 1987, when AZT, the first effective treatment for the virus, gained FDA approval. (CBS News)
Safety concerns cast shadow on new HIV drugs Jun 20, 2006 AIDS era surfaced early in S. Florida Jun 11, 2006 Doctor pioneered approach to AIDS Jun 6, 2006 Living with the AIDS virus for 2 decades brings mix of joy, pain Jun 6, 2006 Boa wraps you in trendy, affordable pieces Jun 6, 2006 Aids timelineKey dates since the condition was revealed in 1981 Jun 5, 2006 Big role for Emoryin AIDS vaccine Jun 5, 2006 Prevention evolves into wider array of options Jun 5, 2006 AIDS TIMELINES Jun 5, 2006 CDC issued a bulletin Jun 5, 2006 Read more... Jun 3, 2006 ADVENTRX Announces 2006 First Quarter Financial Results May 11, 2006 TAC to take Merck to commission May 8, 2006 Chrétien's drug program ineffective, Clement says Apr 28, 2006 Out of Control Apr 19, 2006 Promising New AIDS Drugs Apr 19, 2006 Talk Radio Host Asks CytoDyn's CEO Allen D. Allen: Do AIDS Drugs Help Spread HIV Infection? Mar 18, 2006 Early Treatment Always Better for HIV, Study Finds Feb 13, 2006 Researchers Develop Way To Visualize Synchronized Interactions Of Nerve Cells In The Brain Feb 12, 2006 Study Sets New Gold Standard For Initial Antiretroviral Treatment Of HIV Infection Jan 26, 2006 Newer AIDS Treatments Better, But More Expensive Jan 22, 2006 Study gives high marks to new drugs Jan 22, 2006 New HIV Drug Regimen More Effective Than Existing Therapy Jan 20, 2006 Researchers find better HIV medication Jan 19, 2006 US stops trial of interrupted HIV treatment Jan 19, 2006
That and other concerns reflect the sea change that the world of HIV has undergone since 1987, when AZT, the first effective treatment for the virus, gained FDA approval. A year later, demonstrators mobbed the FDA to demand the agency speed access to new therapies to treat HIV, even as the safety of those drugs remained under study. (MSNBC -- Health)
AIDS stigma lingers after 25 years Jun 19, 2006
Testing positive in 1991 while still healthy, Johnson survived on the first drug capable of slowing HIV the antiviral AZT, approved just a few years prior. But in 1996 came the medical revolution that got thousands up and out of their deathbeds the triple-drug "cocktail" known as highly active anti-retroviral therapy, now the standard of HIV care in the developed world. (FOX 11, AZ)
In the late 1980s, a University of Miami doctor, Margaret Fischl, was among the leaders in developing AZT, an early AIDS drug -- and she was vilified by some AIDS activists who believed that the side effects outweighed the benefits. But the drug outlasted the critics, and it continues to be widely prescribed to treat the disease. (The Miami Herald)
Scientists had identified the human immunodeficiency virus as the cause of AIDS and developed a test for it, but the early AIDS drug AZT was three years away. Fenstersheib was responsible for running the county's sexually transmitted disease clinic, a job that now went far beyond controlling syphilis and gonorrhea. (San Jose Mercury News)
The only treatment available then was the drug AZT, which had to be taken every four hours ... About a year after their wedding, she tested positive and started taking AZT as well. (AZCentral -- News)
All the profits go to a charity that provides AZT, the leading treatment for HIV, to people in Africa for about $10, far less than its market value of $144 per dose. And T-shirts are actually cute, with cool colour combos that go way beyond the usual red and white for Canadian flags. (Toronto Star -- Life)
The first antiretroviral drug, AZT, is approved in the US.. Pictures of Princess Diana holding the hand of a patient in an Aids ward are broadcast around the world. (BBC News -- Health)
Despite the deployment in 1987 of AZT, the first antiviral against AIDS, and the development of life-extending multidrug 00004000 cocktails in 1996, the virus has outpaced every pharmaceutical put in its path. It rapidly evolves resistance to new drugs, which carry significant side effects and remain too expensive for most of the developing world. (Atlanta Journal-Constitution)
"HIV incidence among men who have sex with men is decreasing, and it is decreasing because we are treating HIV-positive people with much more effective antiretroviral drugs,'' said Dr. Mitch Katz, director of the San Francisco Department of Public Health. AIDS drugs, in fact, have played a role in prevention from the earliest days they were developed. Health care workers who were accidentally stuck with contaminated needles began taking the antiviral drug AZT while it was still an experimental... (San Francisco Chronicle -- Opinion)
" -- FDA approves "viral load" test that measures level of HIV in the bloodstream. People -- New York AIDS specialist Dr. David Ho is named Time Magazine's Man of the Year. Political -- Brazil becomes first developing country to offer antiviral drugs nationwide. 1997 Medical -- AIDS-related deaths decline by 40 percent, largely credited to three-drug therapy. -- California records its 100,000th AIDS case. Political -- President Clinton calls for development of AIDS vaccine by 2007. -- WHO boosts... (San Francisco Chronicle)
AZT, the first AIDS antiviral, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1987. But doctors soon learned that the virus could quickly develop resistance to it. (San Francisco Chronicle)
From the earliest years when pediatricians fought to get AZT for their patients, to today, when world leaders gather at the United Nations to acknowledge the world's failure to prevent infant HIV infections, children have been grossly neglected in the world's response to AIDS and continue to fall behind. The Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation calls on the global community to recognize this continued failure and demand equity for children threatened by HIV.. (PNN Online)
"In January at the ASCO GI Cancers Conference we announced results from our CoFactor(R) Phase II clinical trial, from an independent radiology assessment showing 35% tumor response and 85% overall clinical benefit in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated first-line with CoFactor plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). We also reported no grade 3 or 4 drug-related toxicities and time-to-tumor progression of 163 days in the Phase II trial. We were very pleased with these results that give us added... (PR Newswire)
In 2001, Hazel Tau, the TAC and others took another multinational, GlaxoSmithKline, and Boehringer Ingelheim to the competition commission, arguing that they had abused their patents of the antiretrovirals AZT, lamividune and nevirapine, through excessive pricing and by not granting generic licences. GlaxoSmithKline holds the patents to AZT and lamividune, while Boehringer Ingelheim has the nevirapine patent. (Business Report, South Africa)
res (Doctors Without Borders), to produce a single HIV/AIDS treatment that contains AZT, Lamivudine and Nevirapine, three separate drugs, each with individual patents. Health Canada has been conducting tests since November to determine whether it is safe and effective. (Globe and Mail -- National)
To that regimen, in each arm, two more drugs were added zidovudine (AZT) and lamivudine (Epivir) in a branded combination called Combivir ... Given the reigning beliefs about HIV s pathogenicity, such trials are fairly commonplace, especially in the post-1994 era, when AZT was hailed for cutting transmission rates from mother to child ... Sterling, in addition to the drugs he was exposed to in the womb, was also on an eight-week AZT regimen after birth. (Harper's Magazine)
"It is really encouraging to see a new drug class developed for people who do not have treatment options,'' said Hare. Those patients are the long-term survivors of the epidemic, a few of whom have been taking antivirals since AZT was first introduced in 1987. Effective combinations of AIDS drugs began to be prescribed in 1996, but after 10 years of the often toxic therapy, for many the benefits of the drugs are wearing off. Merck tested its integrase inhibitor over 16 weeks in a clinical trial... (San Francisco Chronicle -- Science)
There are a substantial number of people who believe that AIDS is not caused by HIV and that antiretroviral drugs such as AZT do more harm than good ... Allen believes this denial is outrageous and irresponsible, especially since it can cause innocent children to be born with AIDS. According to the CDC, AZT, which is marketed by GlaxoSmithKline, has been shown to significantly reduce the number of children who are born with AIDS when AZT is given to pregnant women with HIV infection. (Yahoo! Wire -- Entertainment News)
These include the old-line reverse transcriptase inhibitors, such as AZT, the protease inhibitors, the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, fusion inhibitors and entry inhibitors. They all attack the virus at different points of its life cycle. (MEDLINEplus)
(May 30, 2002) -- Naltrexone, a drug used in the treatment of heroin addiction and alcoholism, may increase the effectiveness of the antiretroviral drugs zidovudine (AZT) and indinavir, which are used in the treatment. . (Science Daily)
Reporting in the Jan. 19 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine, the researchers showed that after one year of treatment, a regimen of antiretroviral pills, called tenofovir DF (Viread) and emtricitabine (Emtriva), plus efavirenz (Sustiva), led to 14 percent more patients able to suppress levels of the virus, with fewer problems of anemia, fatigue and nausea than another widely used combination of antiretrovirals, zidovudine and lamivudine (AZT and 3TC, or Combivir), plus efavirenz. "The... (Science Daily)
Patients who took a one-a-day treatment regimen that made use of a new drug, Viread, were more likely to control the virus compared to those who relied on the old-standby, AZT. The newer combination was also linked to fewer side-effects ... The others received Combivir AZT plus 3TC , as well as Sustiva ... Two years later, 80 percent of those who took the one-a-day Viread combo had undetectable levels of HIV, versus 70 percent who were on the twice-a-day AZT one. (ABC News - Health)
The study, reported in the Jan. 19 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine, said this combination led to 14 percent more patients able to suppress levels of the virus, with fewer problems of anemia, fatigue and nausea than another widely used combination of antiretrovirals, zidovudine and lamivudine (AZT and 3TC, or Combivir), plus efavirenz. "The simple combination of tenofovir and emtricitabine, plus efavirenz, is likely to be highly potent with minimal side effects or long-term... (United Press International)
In recent years, a combination of zidovudine and lamivudine (AZT and 3TC, combined together into Combivir) plus Sustiva became popular. Both the new and older drug regimens try to stop the AIDS virus from attacking cells in the body. (Forbes)
The therapy was compared to the combination of zidovudine, lamivudine (AZT and 3TC, or Combivir), and efavirenz. One-year use of the therapy has also led to less side effects such as anemia, fatigue and nausea in patients, said the researchers. (People's Daily Online, China)
The report, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, showed that taking the three drugs Viread, known generically as tenofovir, Emtriva, known generically as emtricitabine, and Sustiva or efavirenz suppressed the virus better with fewer side effects, than the older combination of AZT and 3TC (sold as a one-pill combination called Combivir), plus Sustiva. "The implications are quite clear for patients with HIV who are about to start therapy: The simple combination of tenofovir and... (AlertNet)
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